目录
1、Tengine编译安装
2、FPM制作Tengine为RPM包
3、总结
1、Tengine编译安装
[root@php ~]# cat /etc/issueCentOS release 6.4 (Final)[root@php ~]# uname -r2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64
请确保系统安装了"Development tools"和”Server Platform Development”两个开发包组,如果没有安装请用yum工具安装即可。
所需要的软件包:
[root@php tengine]# pwd/root/software/tengine[root@php tengine]# lsjemalloc-3.6.0.tar.bz2 pcre-8.33.zip tengine-2.1.0.tar.gz
jemalloc-3.6.0.tar.bz2
是为tengine提供更好的内存管理的( )
pcre-8.33.zip
PCRE(Perl Compatible Regular Expressions)是一个Perl库,包括 perl 兼容的正则表达式库。nginx rewrite依赖于PCRE库,所以在安装Tengine前一定要先安装PCRE( )
tengine-2.1.0.tar.gz tengine主程序( )
解压各软件:
[root@php tengine]# unzip -q pcre-8.33.zip[root@php tengine]# tar xf jemalloc-3.6.0.tar.bz2[root@php tengine]# tar xf tengine-2.1.0.tar.gz [root@php tengine]# lsjemalloc-3.6.0 pcre-8.33 tengine-2.1.0jemalloc-3.6.0.tar.bz2 pcre-8.33.zip tengine-2.1.0.tar.gz
安装两个依赖包:
[root@php tengine]# cd pcre-8.33[root@php pcre-8.33]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre8.33[root@php pcre-8.33]# make && make install[root@php openssl-1.0.2]# make && make install[root@php tengine]# cd jemalloc-3.6.0[root@php jemalloc-3.6.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jemalloc[root@php jemalloc-3.6.0]# make && make install
上边的这pcre与jemalloc两个包可以不安装,因为在tengine编译时是引用的两个包的源文件,并不是安装后的目录。
tengine编译安装:
[root@php jemalloc-3.6.0]# cd ../tengine-2.1.0[root@php tengine-2.1.0]# ./configure \--prefix=/usr/local/tengine \--sbin-path=/usr/local/tengine/sbin/nginx \--conf-path=/etc/tengine/nginx.conf \--error-log-path=/var/log/tengine/error.log \--http-log-path=/var/log/tengine/access.log \--pid-path=/var/run/tengine.pid \--lock-path=/var/lock/subsys/tengine \--user=nginx \--group=nginx \--with-file-aio \--with-pcre=/root/software/tengine/pcre-8.33 \--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/tengine/client \--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/tengine/proxy \--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/tengine/fastcgi \--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/tengine/uwsgi \--dso-path=/usr/local/tengine/modules \--dso-tool-path=/usr/local/tengine/modules/dso_tool \--with-jemalloc \--with-jemalloc=/root/software/tengine/jemalloc-3.6.0
#这次编译安装我没有显式的指定编译进哪些模块,因为在安装好后我想看看tengine在不指定编译进哪些模块时默认安装了哪些模块。
[root@php tengine-2.1.0]# make[root@php tengine-2.1.0]# make install[root@php tengine-2.1.0]# /usr/local/tengine/sbin/nginx -vTengine version: Tengine/2.1.0 (nginx/1.6.2)[root@php tengine-2.1.0]# /usr/local/tengine/sbin/nginx -m #看看吧,下边就是tengine默认时安装了哪些模块,常用的模块都已经编译进来了,所以在configure时真的不需要指定安装哪些模块,如果默认模块中没有你需要的,那可以通过dso的方式编译进tengine,再动态加载进tengine即可。Tengine version: Tengine/2.1.0 (nginx/1.6.2)loaded modules: ngx_core_module (static) ngx_errlog_module (static) ngx_conf_module (static) ngx_dso_module (static) ngx_syslog_module (static) ngx_events_module (static) ngx_event_core_module (static) ngx_epoll_module (static) ngx_procs_module (static) ngx_proc_core_module (static) ngx_openssl_module (static) ngx_regex_module (static) ngx_http_module (static) ngx_http_core_module (static) ngx_http_log_module (static) ngx_http_upstream_module (static) ngx_http_static_module (static) ngx_http_autoindex_module (static) ngx_http_index_module (static) ngx_http_auth_basic_module (static) ngx_http_access_module (static) ngx_http_limit_conn_module (static) ngx_http_limit_req_module (static) ngx_http_geo_module (static) ngx_http_map_module (static) ngx_http_split_clients_module (static) ngx_http_referer_module (static) ngx_http_rewrite_module (static) ngx_http_ssl_module (static) ngx_http_proxy_module (static) ngx_http_fastcgi_module (static) ngx_http_uwsgi_module (static) ngx_http_scgi_module (static) ngx_http_memcached_module (static) ngx_http_empty_gif_module (static) ngx_http_browser_module (static) ngx_http_user_agent_module (static) ngx_http_upstream_ip_hash_module (static) ngx_http_upstream_consistent_hash_module (static) ngx_http_upstream_check_module (static) ngx_http_upstream_least_conn_module (static) ngx_http_reqstat_module (static) ngx_http_upstream_keepalive_module (static) ngx_http_upstream_dynamic_module (static) ngx_http_stub_status_module (static) ngx_http_write_filter_module (static) ngx_http_header_filter_module (static) ngx_http_chunked_filter_module (static) ngx_http_range_header_filter_module (static) ngx_http_gzip_filter_module (static) ngx_http_postpone_filter_module (static) ngx_http_ssi_filter_module (static) ngx_http_charset_filter_module (static) ngx_http_userid_filter_module (static) ngx_http_footer_filter_module (static) ngx_http_trim_filter_module (static) ngx_http_headers_filter_module (static) ngx_http_upstream_session_sticky_module (static) ngx_http_copy_filter_module (static) ngx_http_range_body_filter_module (static) ngx_http_not_modified_filter_module (static)
为tengine提供服务启动脚本:
[root@php tengine-2.1.0]# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx#!/bin/bash###nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon## chkconfig: - 85 15# description: Tengine is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server# processname: nginx # Source function library.. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration.. /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up.[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0 nginx="/usr/local/tengine/sbin/nginx"prog=$(basename $nginx)nginx_config_file="/etc/tengine/nginx.conf"lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/tengine make_dirs() { # make required directories user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -` options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'` for opt in $options; do if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2` if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then # echo "creating" $value mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value fi fi done} start() { [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5 [ -f $nginx_config_file ] || exit 6 make_dirs echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginx -c $nginx_config_file retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile return $retval} stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $prog -QUIT retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile return $retval} restart() { configtest || return $? stop sleep 1 start} reload() { configtest || return $? echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc $nginx -HUP RETVAL=$? echo} force_reload() { restart} configtest() { $nginx -t -c $nginx_config_file} rh_status() { status $prog} rh_status_q() { rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1}case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart|configtest) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" exit 2esac[root@php tengine-2.1.0]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
测试tengine的启动与停止:
[root@php tengine-2.1.0]# service nginx startStarting nginx: [ OK ][root@php tengine-2.1.0]# service nginx stopStopping nginx: [ OK ]
在编译安装tengine时可能会遇到如下错误:
sr/local/jemalloc-3.6.0/lib/libjemalloc.a -lpthreadTEST_NGINX_BINARY=/root/software/tengine/tengine-2.1.0/objs/nginx prove -v -I /root/software/tengine/tengine-2.1.0/tests/nginx-tests/nginx-tests/lib tests/nginx-tests/nginx-tests tests/nginx-tests/cases/bin/sh: prove: command not foundmake[1]: *** [test] Error 127make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/software/tengine/tengine-2.1.0'make: *** [test] Error 2
处理方法:
[root@php tengine-2.1.0]# yum provides *bin/prove #获得此命令是哪个包生成的perl-Test-Harness-3.17-136.el6.x86_64 : Run Perl standard test scripts with statisticsRepo : baseMatched from:Filename : /usr/bin/proveperl-Test-Harness-3.17-136.el6_6.1.x86_64 : Run Perl standard test scripts with statisticsRepo : updatesMatched from:Filename : /usr/bin/prove[root@php tengine-2.1.0]# yum -y install perl-Test-Harness #安装相应的包即可
2、FPM制作Tengine为RPM包
FPM是ruby的模块,先安装FPM依赖的包:
[root@php tengine]# yum -y install ruby rubygems ruby-devel rpm-build
因国内网络环境,访问
[root@php tengine]# gem sources -a http://ruby.taobao.org/[root@php tengine]# gem sources --remove http://rubygems.org/ [root@php tengine]# gem sources -l[root@php tengine]# gem clean
安装FPM:
[root@php tengine]# gem install fpm
转换到上边编译tengine的工作目录,先做一些打包前的准备工作:
[root@php tengine-2.1.0]# pwd/root/software/tengine/tengine-2.1.0
创建一个安装tengine的临时目录,fpm可以从这个目录是读取信息:
[root@php tengine-2.1.0]# mkdir /tmp/installdir
把tengine安装到此临时目录中:
[root@php tengine-2.1.0]# make install DESTDIR=/tmp/installdir/
[root@php tengine-2.1.0]# cd /tmp/installdir/
查看一下目录结构:
[root@php installdir]# tree -L 3.├── etc│ └── tengine│ ├── browsers│ ├── fastcgi.conf│ ├── fastcgi.conf.default│ ├── fastcgi_params│ ├── fastcgi_params.default│ ├── koi-utf│ ├── koi-win│ ├── mime.types│ ├── mime.types.default│ ├── module_stubs│ ├── nginx.conf│ ├── nginx.conf.default│ ├── scgi_params│ ├── scgi_params.default│ ├── uwsgi_params│ ├── uwsgi_params.default│ └── win-utf├── usr│ └── local│ └── tengine└── var ├── log │ └── tengine └── run[root@php installdir]# pwd/tmp/installdir[root@php installdir]# lsetc usr var
创建放置服务启动脚本的目录:
[root@php installdir]# mkdir -pv etc/rc.d/init.d mkdir: created directory `etc/rc.d'mkdir: created directory `etc/rc.d/init.d'[root@php installdir]# cp /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx ./etc/rc.d/init.d #把服务启动脚本拷贝过来
准备rpm安装后及卸载后所需要运行的脚本:
[root@php installdir]# mkdir tmp;cd tmp #这个目录是放置以下两个脚本的目录[root@php tmp]# vim install_after.sh#!/bin/bash# add user nginxsource /etc/rc.d/init.d/functionsgetent group nginx > /dev/null || groupadd -r nginxgetent passwd nginx > /dev/null || useradd -r -g nginx -s /sbin/nologin nginxexit 0#此脚本是在tengine安装好后可以检测系统上是否有nginx组和用户,如果没有就创建。
[root@php tmp]# vim remove_after.sh#!/bin/bash#source /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions rm -rf /usr/local/tenginerm -rf /etc/tengineuserdel nginxexit 0#此脚本是在卸载tengine时删除在安装时生成的各个目录及创建的用户
制作rpm包:
[root@php ~]# fpm -s dir -t rpm -n tengine -v 2.1.0 --iteration 1.el6 -C /tmp/installdir/ -p /root --description 'tengine rpm' --url 'tengine.taobao.org' --post-install /tmp/installdir/tmp/install_after.sh --post-uninstall /tmp/installdir/tmp/remove_after.sh no value for epoch is set, defaulting to nil {:level=>:warn}no value for epoch is set, defaulting to nil {:level=>:warn}Created package {:path=>"/root/tengine-2.1.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm"}#fpm命令详细参数解释可以用"fpm -h"查看[root@php ~]# lssoftware tengine-2.1.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
rpm文件生成后就可以拷贝到其他服务器进行测试:
[root@php ~]# scp tengine-2.1.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 192.168.0.203:/root[root@nod3 ~]# rpm -ivh tengine-2.1.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpmPreparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:tengine ########################################### [100%][root@nod3 ~]# rpm -qp --scripts tengine-2.1.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm #查看rpm文件中的脚本信息postinstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):#!/bin/bash#source /etc/rc.d/init.d/functionsgetent group nginx > /dev/null || groupadd -r nginxgetent passwd nginx > /dev/null || useradd -r -g nginx -s /sbin/nologin nginxexit 0postuninstall scriptlet (using /bin/sh):#!/bin/bash#source /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions rm -rf /usr/local/tenginerm -rf /etc/tenginerm -rf /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginxuserdel nginxexit 0
tengine安装好后来验证各个目录及用户是否生成:
[root@nod3 ~]# id nginxuid=496(nginx) gid=496(nginx) groups=496(nginx)[root@nod3 ~]# ls /etc/tengine/browsers fastcgi_params.default mime.types.default scgi_params win-utffastcgi.conf koi-utf module_stubs scgi_params.defaultfastcgi.conf.default koi-win nginx.conf uwsgi_paramsfastcgi_params mime.types nginx.conf.default uwsgi_params.default[root@nod3 ~]# ls /usr/local/tengine/html include modules sbin scgi_temp[root@nod3 ~]# ls /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
启动服务器来检测tengine是否能正常运行:
[root@nod3 ~]# service nginx startStarting nginx: [ OK ][root@nod3 ~]# netstat -tnlp | grep nginxtcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2257/nginx
再来测试一下卸载tengine后各个目录是否能删除:
[root@nod3 ~]# rpm -e tengine[root@nod3 ~]# id nginxid: nginx: No such user[root@nod3 ~]# ls /etc/ | grep tengine[root@nod3 ~]# ls /usr/local/ | grep tengine[root@nod3 ~]# ls /etc/rc.d/init.d/ | grep nginx# 软件卸载后各个目录都已被成功删除了。
3、总结
FPM非常易用,有了此工具再也不用担心rpm包的制作,在用此命令时可以把rpm包的安装、卸载做得更加优雅,在安装前可以做一些准备工作,安装后可以 做一些收尾工作,在卸载前也可以做一些准备,比如检测一下相应的服务是否停止了,在卸载软件再做一些扫尾的工作,只要把这些定义成一个个脚本,fpm中指 定相应的选项即可轻松实现。
fpm一些常用参数如下(用fpm –help可以才看所有参数详解)
-n 生成的package名字
-p 生成的package文件输出位置
-
v
生成的package版本
-d 生成的package依赖于什么软件,通常为-d
'name'
或这 -d
'name > version'
-a 系统架构名称,如果是noarch则为
'-a all'
或者
'-a native'
--description 软件包描述
--conflicts 与其他什么软件冲突
-C 打包的根路径,后面跟要打入rpm包文件的路径
--pre-
install
rpm包安装前执行的脚本
--post-
install
rpm包安装后执行的脚本
--pre-uninstall rpm包卸载前执行的脚本
--post-uninstall rpm包卸载后执行的脚本
把rpm包放到yum源中,先更新中心yum仓库的元数据,然后再更新需要安装该rpm包机器的yum元数据。
#提供yum源服务的机器createrepo --update /mirros/centos/6.3/x86_64/ 更新repo数据createrepo /mirros/centos/6.3/x86_64/ 创建repo数据#享受yum源服务的机器yum clean allyum makecache
参考文章: